I appreciate you sharing this incident here in the Community, @es96.
Yes, @FishingForAnswers is correct, this invalid QuickBooks support team. QuickBooks does not require a separate fee for an annual license or support. Additionally, any communication from QuickBooks support should come from an official Intuit email address. Therefore, if you receive a receipt from a non-Intuit email address, it could be a warning sign.
Please exercise caution when sharing payment details over the phone, especially if the call is unexpected. To confirm the legitimacy of the support you received, please visit our Online Security Center. There, you can learn how to protect your information and report any suspicious websites or phone numbers.
Furthermore, we typically contact our customers only if there is a pre-existing agreement with our representatives or if you have opted into our call-back service. For your reference, I'm including a link below where you can get assistance with QuickBooks products and services: Get help with QuickBooks products and services.
As always, please feel free to report any suspicious calls or emails from parties claiming to be associated with Intuit. You can refer to this article for more details: Identify suspicious activity, phishing scams, and potential fraud.
Please feel free to leave a comment below if you need more help with your account security. I'm here to offer any assistance you might need and will gladly follow up to ensure you have the support you require.