Once you check the Taxable box it will charge sales tax to the product that is exempted. In your case, make sure to set up the product that is exempted as a Non-Taxable in the Product/Service menu. This way, it doesn't add any taxes when you create a transaction. Let me show you how.
In case you want to review the details of your non-taxable sales, you can check out this article for more details about the process, you can check out this article: Create a Non-Taxable Sales Report in QuickBooks Online.
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